The internet of things (IoT) refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other objects that are connected to the internet and can exchange data. IoT is used in many applications, such as smart homes, wearable devices, and industrial automation. Popular IoT platforms include Arduino, Raspberry. Watch our video Machine learning is a field of study that focuses on the development of algorithms that can learn from data and make predictions or decisions based on that data. Machine learning is used in many applications, such as image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous vehicles. Popular machine learning frameworks include TensorFlow, PyTorch, and scikit-learn.